Throughout 2026, ancient DNA studies on the Tang and Song periods have been published in rapid succession: trans-Eurasian genetic imprints in Tang Chang'an, three millennia of genetic stability in the Central Plains, the East–West admixed profile of the Shatuo leader Li Keyong, and cases from frontier clans and commoner cemeteries — together sketching a complex picture of population movement and cultural identity at the Tang–Song transition.