A missense mutation in ANKRD36, arising ~46,000 years ago and retained at high frequency only in the Qiang, may aid adaptation to mid-to-high altitude hypoxia—a near-lost ancient lineage in East Asian genomes.
Fudan University researchers sequence 20 Qiang genomes from Maoxian and find two subgroups—one closer to Han, one to Tibetan—sharing ancestry from a ~5,300-year-old Yellow River population, plus a ~46,000-year-old ANKRD36 lineage.
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