A Fudan-led team sequenced 74 ancient individuals from 20 Middle Neolithic sites, spanning both Yellow River millet and Yangtze rice farming cultures. The dataset is the largest yet for East Asian middle Neolithic populations.
Analysing 21 ancient nuclear genomes and 23 mitogenomes of pigs from 14 Chinese sites spanning 8,000 years, the team confirms northern China—rather than the southwest—as the domestication origin of East Asian pigs, which dispersed southward with Yellow River millet farmers and admixed with local wild boar.
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