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2026年2月10日28 Han-Dynasty Genomes: Demic Diffusion of Central-Plain Longshan Populations as the Main Driver of Han Chinese Formation
A team led by Wang Chuanchao of Fudan University reports in BMC Biology on 28 ancient Han-Dynasty genomes from the Xujiacundong and Zhouhe sites in Zibo, Shandong, integrated with published regional datasets to examine the genetic legacy of Neolithic Longshan populations in the formation of Han Chinese.
The authors find that Central-Plain and lower Yellow River populations were already genetically differentiated in Longshan times, and that most Xujiacundong individuals carried mixed ancestry. On this basis, they argue that Han formation was a dynamic process driven mainly by demic diffusion of Central-Plain Longshan people, overlaid with regional interaction—highlighting the Yellow River basin as a genetic and cultural hearth.
As the world’s most populous ethnic group, Han Chinese have long lacked a systematic ancient-genome account of their formation. These Han-Dynasty genomes offer a workable framework for doing so.
Source: Limin Qiu, Haodong Chen et al.; corresponding Chuan-Chao Wang. BMC Biology, 2026-02-06.
